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Assessment of Pulmonary Function Tests in Patients with Hypothyroidism
Nanak Laha1, Manoj Kumar Prasad1, Brajesh Mishra2
1Department of Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
Hypothyroidism can impair lung function, increasing the risk of restrictive lung disease. Pulmonary function tests reveal reduced lung capacity in hypothyroid patients, linked to lower thyroid hormone levels.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Pulmonology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Hypothyroidism is associated with symptoms like fatigue and exercise intolerance.
- Muscle weakness and pulmonary function impairment can occur even in subclinical hypothyroidism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in patients with hypothyroidism.
- To investigate the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and lung function.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional observational study involving 136 hypothyroid patients.
- Thyroid profile (TSH, T3, T4) measured by ELISA.
- Pulmonary function tests (spirometry: FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, PEFR) performed.
Main Results:
- A predominant restrictive pulmonary function pattern was observed in 75.74% of patients.
- Low peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) suggests restrictive lung disease.
- Positive correlations found between serum T4 and FVC (P=0.006), and serum T3 and PEFR (P=0.041).
Conclusions:
- Pulmonary function tests are significantly affected in hypothyroidism.
- Hypothyroid patients have an increased risk of developing restrictive lung disease.
- Lower thyroid hormone levels are associated with poorer lung function.
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