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SPACE: STRING proteins as complementary embeddings.

Dewei Hu1, Damian Szklarczyk2,3, Christian von Mering2,3

  • 1Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed cross-species protein embeddings using protein networks and orthology, improving protein function and localization prediction. These network embeddings complement sequence data for enhanced machine learning in eukaryotes.

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Area of Science:

  • Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology
  • Machine Learning

Background:

  • Representation learning advances sequence-based protein function and localization prediction.
  • Protein networks offer complementary data but pose cross-species machine learning challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generate cross-species protein embeddings from protein networks for 1322 eukaryotes.
  • To align species-specific network embeddings using orthology for cross-species comparisons.
  • To evaluate the utility of these aligned embeddings for protein function and localization prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraged the STRING database for protein networks and orthology relations.
  • Generated species-specific network embeddings, then aligned them using orthology.
  • Validated aligned network embeddings with sequence embeddings for prediction tasks.

Main Results:

  • Aligned network embeddings maintain quality and consistency across species.
  • Aligned network embeddings are complementary to sequence embeddings.
  • Using aligned network and sequence embeddings improved prediction accuracy for subcellular localization and protein function.

Conclusions:

  • Cross-species protein network embeddings enhance predictive model performance.
  • The developed method provides a robust way to integrate network information across species.
  • This approach approaches state-of-the-art deep learning performance for protein prediction tasks.