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Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Dissection of Fear Circuits in Brain Slices
Published on: April 6, 2016
Multimode neural population coding of diverse innate fear response by mitral and tufted cells
Han Xu1, Haoyang Yuan2, Hengyi Song1
1Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China; International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
None:
Neurons that encode odor information are fundamental to innate fear processes, yet how mitral/tufted (M/T) cells encode innate fear remains unknown. Here, we identify three different response patterns of M/T cells in the dorsal olfactory bulb (dOB) during active avoidance elicited by non-dehydrogenated 2,4,5-trimethylthiazole (nTMT) through in vivo calcium imaging and multielectrode recordings in mice, including enhanced responses, suppressed responses, and no response. Remarkably, suppressed response M/T cells encode active avoidance, whereas suppressed and enhanced response M/T cells jointly encode passive freezing. Our results show that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) deficiency reduces the mean firing rate (MFR) of M/T cells and alters the intrinsic encoding patterns of M/T cells in nTMT-induced abnormal avoidance and freezing behaviors, and these changes can be rescued by activating dOB M/T cells. These results reveal multimodal neural population coding characteristics of innate fear in the dOB.
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