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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
271
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

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Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
586
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

910
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
910
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

828
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
828
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

297
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
297
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

439
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Intravenous Microinjections of Zebrafish Larvae to Study Acute Kidney Injury
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KIDNEY INJURY DURING TREATMENT WITH AFLIBERCEPT VERSUS RANIBIZUMAB: A Population-Based Study.

Robert J Campbell1,2,3, Sherif R El-Defrawy4,5, Sudeep S Gill1,6,7

  • 1ICES, Kingston and Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|September 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Intravitreal aflibercept and ranibizumab, used for eye conditions, show similar risks for kidney injury in older adults. This finding is important for understanding the safety of these vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors.

Keywords:
afliberceptkidney injuryranibizumabrenal adverse eventsrenal failureretinal diseaseretrospective cohort study

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Systemic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors can cause kidney damage.
  • Intravitreal aflibercept affects systemic VEGF levels more than ranibizumab.
  • Understanding the renal safety profiles of these treatments is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the risk of kidney injury in patients receiving intravitreal aflibercept versus ranibizumab.
  • To evaluate adverse renal outcomes associated with these anti-VEGF therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada.
  • Included 44,571 patients aged 66+ newly treated with aflibercept or ranibizumab (2015-2019).
  • Controlled for baseline and time-varying covariates to compare renal outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Composite renal outcome occurred in 12.0% of aflibercept recipients vs. 10.0% of ranibizumab recipients.
  • Relative risk was 1.00 (95% CI: 0.93-1.06) at 5-year follow-up.
  • No significant differences in renal risk were found across retinal disease subgroups.

Conclusions:

  • Intravitreal aflibercept and ranibizumab have comparable risks of renal adverse events.
  • This similarity exists despite differences in their systemic pharmacodynamics.
  • Both treatments appear to have similar renal safety profiles in the elderly population.