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Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent
Published on: February 21, 2017
Sustainable lead extraction via sulfidation roasting of lead oxide and calcium Sulfate: Phase evolution and flotation
Yongwei Wang1, Tao Wei1, Zhiwen Guan1
1School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
Abstract:
The safe disposal of heavy metal elements (Pb, Zn, Cu, etc.) in copper smelting slag and efficient treatment of phosphogypsum are urgent. To explore the feasibility of co-processing copper smelting slag and phosphogypsum, this study used PbO and CaSO4 as raw materials to investigate the sulfidation roasting process and flotation separation of roasted products. Detailed roasting mechanisms between PbO and CaSO4 were investigated. Thermodynamic and multimodal characterization (XRD/SEM-EDS/XPS) revealed a two-step process in the PbO-CaSO4-C system: PbO reduction to metallic Pb, followed by its reaction with CaSO4/C to form PbS. Sulfidation extent and PbS grain growth were enhanced by sodium salt additives and slower cooling. Under optimized parameters, a 93.21 % Pb sulfidation extent was achieved with PbS grains averaging 23.56 μm. Concurrently, CO2 fixation as CaCO3, utilization of byproduct CO, and suppressed decomposition of CaSO4/CaCO3 collectively reduced emissions of CO2, CO, and SO2. Flotation tests confirmed effective separation of CaCO3 and PbS. DFT calculations sodium isoamyl xanthate (SIAX) interaction mechanisms with CaCO3/PbS. This work establishes theoretical and technical foundations for co-processing copper smelting slag and phosphogypsum.
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