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Related Concept Videos

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
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Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

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Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:
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Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

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Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
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[Progress on biologic therapies for severe asthma].

Z C Zhou1, H T Luo1, X Y Chen1

  • 1Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China.

Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi = Zhonghua Jiehe He Huxi Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
|September 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biologics are key for severe asthma unresponsive to standard treatments. This review covers approved and investigational biologic therapies targeting key inflammatory pathways like IgE, IL-5, and TSLP for better asthma management.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Severe bronchial asthma management remains challenging, often requiring add-on therapies.
  • Current guidelines recommend biologics for patients uncontrolled on high-dose inhaled corticosteroid-long-acting beta-agonist (ICS-LABA) therapy.
  • Approved biologics target specific inflammatory pathways implicated in severe asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and categorize currently approved biologics for severe asthma based on their therapeutic targets.
  • To summarize the mechanisms of action for biologics targeting IgE, IL-5/IL-5R, IL-4Rα, and TSLP.
  • To discuss challenges and future directions in biologic therapy for severe asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of approved and investigational biologics for severe asthma.
  • Categorization of biologics by their molecular targets (e.g., IgE, IL-5, TSLP).
  • Summary of clinical applications, challenges, and future trends.

Main Results:

  • Six biologics (Omalizumab, Mepolizumab, Benralizumab, Reslizumab, Dupilumab, Tezepelumab) are approved, targeting distinct inflammatory mediators.
  • These biologics offer targeted anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting key cytokines and receptors.
  • Several novel biologic agents are under clinical investigation for severe asthma.

Conclusions:

  • Biologics represent a significant advancement in treating severe asthma.
  • Understanding targeted pathways is crucial for optimizing biologic selection and application.
  • Continued research and development are essential for improving outcomes in severe asthma management.