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Ethical insights into AI-driven caries detection: a scoping review
Tahoora Yousuf1, Madiha Khan2, Robia Ghafoor2
1Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. tahoora.yousuf@aku.edu.
BDJ Open
|September 9, 2025
Summary
Artificial Intelligence (AI) in dental caries detection presents ethical challenges, primarily concerning data diversity, privacy, and equity. Addressing these issues requires a specialized ethical framework for AI in dentistry to ensure accurate diagnostics and patient trust.
Area of Science:
- Dental Diagnostics
- Artificial Intelligence
- Caries Detection
Background:
- Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in dental diagnostics for caries detection.
- AI integration offers improved accuracy and efficiency but raises ethical concerns.
- Key ethical issues include transparency, patient privacy, autonomy, diversity, and accountability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify ethical concerns related to AI in dental caries detection.
- To utilize a structured ethical framework for analyzing these concerns.
Main Methods:
- Searched three databases for papers on AI-driven caries detection.
- Screened articles using an established ethical framework to identify areas of concern.
Main Results:
- Seven articles were included after screening 351 abstracts.
- Diversity emerged as the primary ethical concern.
- Concerns regarding accountability, equity, transparency, and privacy were identified in the reviewed articles.
Conclusions:
- AI in caries detection faces ethical challenges such as data bias, privacy risks, and equity issues.
- These challenges can lead to flawed AI models.
- A specialized ethical framework for AI in dentistry is needed to address these issues and ensure accurate diagnostics and patient trust.
