Promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours in the preschool setting: perceptions and needs of teachers and principals

Preschools are important environments in shaping young children's lifestyle behaviours, including movement (physical activity, screen time, and sleep) and eating behaviours. Few studies have investigated how teachers and principals can be supported in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours in the preschool setting and whether a digital support tool could be a way forward. This study aimed to explore preschool teachers' and principals' perceptions, needs, and prerequisites for promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours, as well as their preferences for a potential digital support.

In 2024, ten teachers and five principals from five regions across Sweden were recruited through purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews were conducted through video calls. Analysis was guided by the research aims and conducted using inductive content analysis.

Teachers as well as the preschool environment were highlighted as crucial for promoting physical activity in children. Teacher involvement was found to be central for motivating children to be physically active, especially children who do not spontaneously engage in physical activity. Communication between preschools and parents was also considered important for promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours. Furthermore, participants emphasized the value of face-to-face support such as lectures or workshops, potentially complemented by a digital tool, for increasing motivation and awareness among educators. Such combined support was highlighted as particularly useful for educators with low interest in physical activity. Finally, the sections on physical activity in the preschool curriculum were perceived as unclear and participants expressed a need for clearer guidance.

Findings suggest that face-to-face support in combination with a digital tool can facilitate the promotion of physical activity and other healthy lifestyle behaviours in the preschool setting. Also, clear guidance within the curriculum and policies are warranted.