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Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Preparation of Stable Bicyclic Aziridinium Ions and Their Ring-Opening for the Synthesis of Azaheterocycles
Published on: August 22, 2018
Synthesis and late-stage C-H functionalization of papaverines
Sundararajan Suresh1, Fazlur Rahman Nawaz Khan1
1Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632 014, Tamil Nadu, India. nawaz_f@yahoo.co.in.
None:
An efficient synthesis and late-stage C-H functionalization of papaverine under volatile solvent-free conditions are reported. This methodology demonstrates significant potential for applications in the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) industry, particularly for the sustainable and solvent-free synthesis of papaverine. A plausible reaction mechanism was meticulously elucidated through comprehensive control experiments. Additionally, gram-scale synthesis of papaverine and its functionalized derivatives was successfully accomplished. Furthermore, the photophysical properties of the synthesized functionalized papaverine compounds were thoroughly investigated using absorption and emission spectroscopy.
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