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The Association Between Neighborhood Gunshot Frequency and the Development of Preterm Birth
Brian W James1, Rachel Fisher2, Chishu Yin3
1Department of OBGYN, SUNY Upstate, Syracuse, New York, USA.
Women'S Health Reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)
|September 10, 2025
Summary
Neighborhood gunshot frequency, a measure of stress, was not associated with preterm birth (PTB). This study examined stress and PTB in Syracuse, NY, finding no direct link between gunshot incidents and adverse birth outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Reproductive Health
- Sociomedical Sciences
Background:
- Exposure to neighborhood stressors, such as gun violence, may impact pregnancy outcomes.
- Objective measures of environmental stress are needed to understand their association with preterm birth (PTB).
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the association between neighborhood gunshot frequency and preterm birth (PTB).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of 1675 births in Syracuse, NY.
- Gunshot frequency measured in acute (within 1 week of delivery) and chronic (2-year) phases.
- Primary outcome: PTB prior to 37 weeks gestation; secondary analysis: PTB prior to 34, 32, and 28 weeks.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in gunshot frequency and PTB rates were observed across Syracuse districts (p=0.018).
- No significant association was found between PTB and the frequency of gunshots in either the acute or chronic phase.
Conclusions:
- Objective measures of stress, such as neighborhood gunshot frequency, were not associated with the development of preterm birth.
- Further research is needed to explore the complex relationship between environmental stress and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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