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Transient electronics for sustainability: Emerging technologies and future directions.

Jae-Young Bae1,2, Myung-Kyun Choi1, Seung-Kyun Kang1,2,3,4

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Summary

Transient electronics disappear after use, offering sustainable and biocompatible solutions for temporary implants and eco-friendly disposal. Future development focuses on materials, integration, and lifetime control for advanced applications.

Keywords:
biodegradable materialsbiodegradable/bioresorbable electronicsencapsulationfabrication strategytransient electronics

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Transient electronics offer sustainable and biocompatible alternatives to traditional electronics.
  • Biodegradable materials enable devices to degrade after a set period, suitable for temporary implants and environmental disposal.
  • Current challenges include expanding material diversity, achieving high-density integration, and precise lifetime control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline critical opportunities in transient electronics development.
  • To identify technical directions for next-generation transient electronic systems.
  • To address sustainability and biocompatibility concerns in electronics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of biodegradable materials and degradation mechanisms (hydrolysis, enzymatic).
  • Analysis of applications in temporary implantable devices (neural monitors, stimulators, drug delivery).
  • Exploration of strategies for lifetime control, including protective encapsulation.

Main Results:

  • Transient electronics are suitable for temporary medical implants and environmentally benign disposal.
  • Key challenges involve material expansion, high-density integration, and precise lifetime management.
  • Opportunities exist for developing advanced functionalities and controlled degradation.

Conclusions:

  • Transient electronics present a promising solution for sustainability and biocompatibility challenges.
  • Further research is needed to overcome material, integration, and control limitations.
  • This field is poised for significant advancements in next-generation electronic systems.