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Increased Time to Provider for Patients With a Non-English Language Preference: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Asmaa Rimawi1, Anne Sung1, Morgan Pike1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
|September 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with a non-English language preference (NELP) experience longer time to provider (TTP) in the emergency department (ED). This delay is exacerbated during ED crowding and nighttime hours, impacting care access.

Keywords:
emergency department crowdinghealth disparitieslanguage preferencenon-English language preferencepatients

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Access to timely healthcare is crucial, particularly in emergency settings.
  • Patients with a non-English language preference (NELP) may face unique barriers in healthcare delivery.
  • Understanding disparities in emergency department (ED) care is essential for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the time to provider (TTP) for patients with a non-English language preference (NELP) compared to those with an English language preference (ELP).
  • To investigate the impact of ED crowding and nighttime hours on TTP for patients with NELP.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of adult ED visits between 2019 and 2023.
  • A two-step classification identified NELP from registration data and triage notes.
  • Compared TTP across NELP (triage note-identified and unidentified) and ELP groups under various conditions.

Main Results:

  • Patients with NELP had longer median TTP (13-15 minutes) compared to ELP patients (11 minutes).
  • Triage note-identified NELP patients experienced the longest delays.
  • During ED crowding and nighttime, TTP significantly increased for all groups, especially for NELP patients.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with NELP face significant delays in ED care, particularly when their language needs are documented.
  • ED crowding and nighttime exacerbate these delays, highlighting potential inequities in care.
  • Strategies to mitigate TTP disparities for NELP patients are needed to ensure equitable emergency care.