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[Induction of cytosolic proteins controlling mitochondrial protein synthesis by thyroid hormone]
Abstract:
The effect of thyroid hormone on the generation of modulators of mitochondrial protein synthesis was investigated. The modulators were present in the 150,000 X g supernatant (S-150) prepared from Wistar rat liver and kidney. A stimulator was found in the liver, and an inhibitory modulator was present in kidney tissue. Generation of these modulators was stimulated by T4 administration to the animals. Both the stimulatory and inhibitory modulators were inactivated by pretreatment with trypsin or boiling. The molecular weight of these modulators was estimated by gel filtration study and for both the stimulatory and inhibitory modulator proteins was approximately 10,000 daltons. The results suggested that thyroid hormone regulates mitochondrial protein synthesis through the stimulation of synthesis of mitochondrial protein synthesis modulators, and that the tissue specific modulators (stimulatory in liver and inhibitory in kidney) can be produced by the hormone.
Insights
Thyroid hormone (T4) influences mitochondrial protein synthesis by regulating specific modulators. These modulators, found in liver and kidney, are protein-based and approximately 10,000 daltons.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Endocrinology
Context:
- Mitochondrial protein synthesis is crucial for cellular energy production.
- Thyroid hormones play a significant role in regulating metabolic processes.
- Tissue-specific regulation of mitochondrial function is essential.
Purpose:
- To investigate the effect of thyroid hormone on the generation of modulators of mitochondrial protein synthesis.
- To characterize these modulators in rat liver and kidney tissues.
- To determine the influence of T4 administration on modulator generation.
Summary:
- Modulators of mitochondrial protein synthesis were identified in Wistar rat liver (stimulatory) and kidney (inhibitory) S-150 fractions.
- Thyroxine (T4) administration stimulated the generation of these modulators.
- Both modulators are heat-labile and trypsin-sensitive proteins with an approximate molecular weight of 10,000 daltons.
Impact:
- Thyroid hormone regulates mitochondrial protein synthesis via tissue-specific modulators.
- This study reveals a novel mechanism of thyroid hormone action at the mitochondrial level.
- Findings contribute to understanding thyroid hormone's role in metabolic control and tissue function.