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Self-Assembled Cu3P@NiCo2O4 Core-Shell Heterostructure Electrodes for High-Energy All-Solid-State Supercapacitor.

Jongwoo Hong1, Ling Kang1, Amar M Patil1

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|September 10, 2025
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Summary

Core-shell electrodes featuring Cu₃P@NiCo₂O₄ on copper foam significantly boost all-solid-state supercapacitor performance. This innovative design offers enhanced energy storage and long-term stability for advanced energy systems.

Keywords:
Cu3P@NiCo2O4all‐solid‐state supercapacitorcore–shell heterostructureinterfacial electronic reconstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Core-shell electrodes offer enhanced performance over conventional single electrodes for supercapacitors (SCs).
  • Combining distinct materials in a core-shell structure improves energy storage, power density, and overall SC performance.
  • All-solid-state supercapacitors (ASS-SCs) are a key area for developing safer and more efficient energy storage solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize a 1D core-shell Cu₃P@NiCo₂O₄ heterostructure on copper foam (CF) for use as a positive electrode in ASS-SCs.
  • To investigate the electrochemical properties and stability of the synthesized core-shell material.
  • To evaluate the performance of the ASS-SC device utilizing the novel electrode material.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of 1D core-shell Cu₃P@NiCo₂O₄ heterostructure on copper foam (CF).
  • Electrochemical characterization including specific capacity, capacitance, and cycling stability tests.
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations to understand interfacial electronic reconstruction and performance enhancement.

Main Results:

  • The Cu₃P@NiCo₂O₄ core-shell heterostructure exhibited a high specific capacity of 604.836 C g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹ with 88.2% capacity retention over 20,000 cycles.
  • The ASS-SC device demonstrated specific capacitances of 100.8 F g⁻¹ (1.07 F cm⁻³ volumetric capacitance) at 1 A g⁻¹.
  • The ASS-SC achieved an energy density of 31.5 Wh kg⁻¹ at 774.8 W kg⁻¹ and maintained 97.6% capacity retention over 5000 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The interconnected core-shell heterostructure enhances electrochemical activity and stability through interfacial electronic reconstruction.
  • The synthesized Cu₃P@NiCo₂O₄ electrodes show significant potential for high-performance energy storage applications.
  • This study highlights the promise of core-shell nanostructures for advancing the development of next-generation ASS-SCs.