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Permanent cortical visual impairment in children.

S Whiting, J E Jan, P K Wong

    Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
    |December 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cortical visual impairment (CVI) is common in children, often presenting with poor visual attention despite residual sight. Advanced visual evoked potential mapping aids in diagnosing CVI subgroups, crucial for effective rehabilitation.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Neuroscience
    • Pediatrics

    Background:

    • Cortical visual impairment (CVI) is a significant cause of visual disability in children.
    • Patients often exhibit residual vision but demonstrate poor visual attention.
    • Anterior visual pathway damage co-occurs in a substantial proportion of CVI cases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate patients with permanent CVI and identify diagnostic subgroups.
    • To compare the efficacy of visual evoked potential (VEP) mapping against VEP responses.
    • To highlight the importance of suspecting CVI in cases of unexplained visual loss.

    Main Methods:

    • Evaluation of 50 patients with permanent CVI.
    • Utilized visual evoked potential (VEP) mapping, computed tomography (CT), and clinical data.

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  • Compared VEP mapping with traditional VEP responses.

    • Main Results:

    • VEP mapping demonstrated a clear advantage over VEP responses in evaluating CVI.
    • Combined VEP mapping, CT, and clinical data allowed for the identification of CVI subgroups.
    • A characteristic behavioral profile was observed in patients with CVI.

    Conclusions:

    • CVI may be more prevalent than previously recognized.
    • Diagnosis should be suspected in children with delayed visual development and unexplained visual loss.
    • Current diagnostic criteria may lead to underdiagnosis, impacting rehabilitation outcomes.