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Obesity is a major driver of cardiovascular disease, contributing to residual risk. New therapies and approaches are needed to manage this chronic condition effectively and improve patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains a leading cause of mortality despite treatment advances.
  • A significant burden of residual cardiovascular risk persists, with obesity identified as a key contributor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current obesity management strategies and their limitations.
  • To highlight emerging pharmacological therapies for obesity.
  • To explore novel approaches including technology, biomarkers, and social determinants of health in managing obesity-related cardiovascular risk.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on obesity as a driver of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  • Analysis of conventional and emerging obesity treatments.
  • Examination of psychosocial factors and technological advancements in obesity care.

Main Results:

  • Obesity is a chronic disease, exacerbating cardiovascular risk via inflammation, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and endothelial dysfunction.
  • Conventional obesity management has limitations; novel pharmacological agents targeting adiposopathy show promise.
  • Stigma, biases, and social determinants of health significantly impact obesity management.
  • Innovative applications of imaging, biomarkers, and technology can enhance risk stratification and care models.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing obesity as a modifiable, high-impact disease is crucial for advancing ASCVD prevention and treatment.
  • Integrated care models incorporating pharmacological, behavioral, and technological strategies are essential.
  • Further research into novel therapies and personalized approaches is warranted to mitigate obesity-related cardiovascular risk.