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Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

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Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

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Related Experiment Video

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Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements
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Narrow-linewidth monolithic topological interface state extended laser with optical injection locking.

Xiao Sun1, Zhibo Li1, Yiming Sun1

  • 1James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.

Science Advances
|September 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates a novel monolithic optical injection locking topological interface state extended (MOIL-TISE) laser. This advanced laser significantly narrows linewidths for enhanced coherent optical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Photonics
  • Semiconductor Lasers

Background:

  • Narrow-linewidth lasers are critical for coherent optical systems like communications and sensing.
  • Achieving high spectral purity typically requires external cavities, limiting device compactness.
  • Semiconductor lasers offer miniaturization but often struggle with spectral purity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically and experimentally demonstrate a monolithic optical injection locking topological interface state extended (MOIL-TISE) laser.
  • To achieve efficient photon injection and significant linewidth narrowing within a single integrated device.
  • To explore the potential of MOIL-TISE lasers for advanced optical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Monolithic integration of a topological interface state extended (TISE) laser with a micro-ring resonator.
  • Utilizing an AlGaInAs multiple quantum-well platform for device fabrication.
  • Experimental characterization of laser performance, including linewidth, side-mode suppression ratio, and operational stability.

Main Results:

  • Stable single-mode operation was achieved across a broad injection current range (65–300 mA).
  • A side-mode suppression ratio exceeding 50 dB was experimentally verified.
  • The laser's Voigt linewidth was dramatically reduced from 2 MHz to 4.2 kHz, with an intrinsic linewidth of 983 Hz.

Conclusions:

  • The monolithic MOIL-TISE laser architecture enables efficient linewidth narrowing.
  • The demonstrated device shows significant potential for applications in coherent communications.
  • The technology is promising for modulation-free quantum key distribution due to its high spectral purity.