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Steatotic liver disease in Latin America: current views and perspectives.

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METABOLIC DYSFUNCTION-ASSOCIATED STEATOTIC LIVER DISEASE: UPDATE.

Maria Gabriela Fernandes Dezan1,2,3, Claudia Pinto Oliveira4, Helma Pinchemel Cotrim1,3

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Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a common liver condition with increasing prevalence. Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management are crucial, with emerging drug therapies showing promise.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), has seen significant advancements in understanding since 1980.
  • Key areas of progress include epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive literature review on the most relevant aspects of MASLD.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of MASLD.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review utilizing major scientific databases: Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, and Ovid.
  • Inclusion of clinical studies to gather relevant data on MASLD.

Main Results:

  • MASLD is the most prevalent liver disease globally, with rising incidence and prevalence.
  • The disease can progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • Diagnostic criteria involve hepatic steatosis and metabolic factors; emerging treatments include pioglitazone, GLP-1 agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, and Resmetirom.

Conclusions:

  • MASLD is a highly prevalent condition with complex pathophysiology, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach.
  • Further research is needed for effective and accessible pharmacological treatments.
  • Raising public awareness is essential due to the significant morbidity and mortality associated with MASLD.