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Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors

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Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs due to uncomfortable sensations. These sensations typically occur during periods of rest or inactivity, particularly when lying down or sitting, and can severely disrupt sleep.
The exact cause of RLS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate muscle movement. Imbalances in dopamine levels...

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Validation of the eHealth Literacy Scale Instrument in a Restless Legs Syndrome Population: Classical Test Theory and

Mattias Georgsson¹, Elzana Odzakovic¹, Maria Björk¹

¹Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Gjuterigatan 5, Jönköping, 553 18, Sweden, 46 036101000.

Journal of Medical Internet Research

|September 10, 2025

Summary

The eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) is a valid and reliable tool for assessing digital health literacy in patients with Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS). This allows healthcare professionals to better understand and support patients navigating digital health information.

Keywords:

confirmatory factor analysis decisional conflict health literacy restless legs syndrome shared decision-making sleep validity

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Area of Science:

Digital Health
Health Literacy
Patient-Reported Outcomes

Background:

Increased internet use necessitates digital health literacy for patients with chronic conditions.
Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) patients highly value digital information due to complex care needs.
Assessing digital health literacy is crucial for developing patient-centered digital health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the psychometric properties of the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) in RLS patients.
To determine the adequacy and utility of eHEALS for assessing digital health literacy in this population.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional survey of 788 RLS patients from a Swedish patient organization.
Utilized mail-based surveys with validated instruments, including eHEALS.
Employed confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch models to assess eHEALS validity and reliability.

Main Results:

eHEALS demonstrated good validity and reliability in RLS patients.
Unidimensionality and reliability were supported by statistical analyses.
No differential item functioning was found across demographic and clinical subgroups.

Conclusions:

The eHEALS is a psychometrically sound tool for assessing digital health literacy in RLS patients.
Healthcare professionals can confidently use eHEALS to evaluate patients' digital health literacy.
Findings support the development of tailored digital health resources for RLS management.