Prediction of microRNAs targeting oestrogen receptor beta: implications for emotional disorders

This review consolidates the most recent information regarding the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) that target the oestrogen receptor beta (ESR2/ERβ) gene in the pathophysiology of emotional disorders, with a particular emphasis on stress-related conditions and anxiety. Since in silico predictions frequently precede experimental validation and algorithms such as TargetScan and DIANA-microT identified possible miRNA binding sites on ESR2 based on sequence complementarity, we demonstrate a high degree of accuracy in predicting functional interactions. Parallel evidence unrelated to the studied biological contexts supports the idea that miRNAs may regulate ERβ signalling in emotional disorders, thereby further supporting miRNA-ESR2 interactions. Moreover, the differential expression of circulating miRNAs in clinical conditions has the potential to elucidate underlying mechanisms and serve as biomarkers for anxiety and stress-related disorders, despite scarce studies directly identifying circulating miRNAs targeting ERβ. This review compiles the available data on emotional disorders, miRNAs, and ESR2, highlighting their potential interactions and advocating for the expansion of research to uncover new insights into the molecular underpinnings of these conditions.