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Gender disparities in the severity of car accidents: Empirical evidence for Spain

Javier Moreno González¹, José M Labeaga¹

¹Faculty of Economics, UNED, Madrid, Spain.

Journal of Safety Research

|September 10, 2025

Abstract

Introduction:

In this paper, we examine the relationship between sex and injury severity in car accidents in Spain from 2014 to 2021 using discrete choice models.

Method:

We differentiate between no injuries, minor injuries, severe injuries, and fatalities, finding significant gender differences. These results hold even after controlling for vehicle dimensions. We extend the model to account for physical and biological factors, isolating their effects and highlighting gender disparities.

Practical Applications:

This study, the first of its kind in Spain, demonstrates the importance of considering gender differences in automobile safety and accident outcomes.

Keywords:

Car accidents Injury Safety Severity Sex Transport

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