Examining pedestrian crash frequency and environmental factors for three subgroups of the older adult population: a...

Pedestrian safety has become a critical concern with the rising global population of older adults. Older pedestrians face higher crash risks due to age-related physical limitations, yet road infrastructure often fails to address their specific needs. Most studies treat older adults as a single group, overlooking variations in mobility and behavior. Also, few studies have included micro-level environmental variables (such as points of interest) and spatial models.

This study categorizes older adults into three age groups and analyzes 783 pedestrian crashes at intersections in Taipei City. We identify key environmental factors influencing crash frequency using a Geographically Weighted Negative Binomial Regression (GWNBR) model.

Results show that intersections with more motorcycles or a higher number of nearby restaurants are associated with increased pedestrian crashes across all older adults. However, risk factors vary by age group: subway stations and supermarkets contribute to crashes among the young-old (65-74) and middle-old (75-84), while nursing homes are linked to higher crash rates for the oldest-old (85+). Additionally, shorter signal cycles pose a greater risk for the oldest old due to slower walking speeds.

These findings highlight the need for age-specific safety measures, such as adjusted signal timing and improved pedestrian facilities near high-risk locations.