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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Animal models of obesity.

Diego Acuña1, Patricia Rivera-Reyes2, Camila Sandoval-Valenzuela3

  • 1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile; Department of Odontology, Faculty of Odontology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.

Methods in Cell Biology
|September 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Mouse models are essential for studying obesity, a complex disease caused by energy imbalance. This guide details methods like diet-induced obesity and genetic models, crucial for understanding human obesity.

Keywords:
Adipose tissueCafeteria dietHigh fat dietHypothalamusLeptinMonogenic and polygenic models of obesity

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic research
  • Animal models in biomedical science

Background:

  • Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease driven by energy imbalance.
  • Mouse models are critical for dissecting obesity's genetic, environmental, and physiological underpinnings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of methodologies for establishing and studying obesity in mice.
  • To highlight the translational relevance of mouse models to human obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Diet-induced obesity (DIO) protocols to mimic environmental factors.
  • Genetic models: whole-body knockouts (leptin-deficient ob/ob, leptin receptor-deficient db/db) and conditional knockouts (hypothalamus).

Main Results:

  • Discusses key experimental design considerations for reproducibility and translational relevance.
  • Highlights the utility of various mouse models in obesity research.

Conclusions:

  • Mouse models are invaluable tools for advancing obesity research.
  • This chapter serves as a practical guide for researchers utilizing mouse models in obesity studies.