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Researchers created a novel out-of-equilibrium quantum phase using superconducting qubits. This Floquet topological state allowed them to observe exotic anyonic excitations and their dynamics, offering new insights into quantum matter.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Out-of-equilibrium quantum systems exhibit unique properties beyond classical thermodynamics.
  • Periodically driven (Floquet) systems are challenging for classical simulation due to high entanglement.
  • Topological order in quantum matter offers robust properties resistant to local perturbations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally realize a theoretically proposed Floquet topologically ordered state.
  • To characterize the emergent anyonic excitations and their dynamics within this state.
  • To probe the behavior of these non-equilibrium phases using quantum processors.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of the Floquet topological state on an array of superconducting qubits.
  • Imaging of chiral edge mode dynamics.
  • Characterization of emergent anyonic excitations.
  • Development of an interferometric algorithm to measure bulk topological invariants.

Main Results:

  • Successful realization of the Floquet topologically ordered state.
  • Observation and characterization of chiral edge mode dynamics.
  • Demonstration of dynamical transmutation of anyons.
  • Measurement of bulk topological invariants for system sizes up to 58 qubits.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum processors can realize and probe complex non-equilibrium quantum phases.
  • The study provides experimental insights into the dynamics of anyons in Floquet topological states.
  • This work opens avenues for exploring the landscape of highly entangled non-equilibrium matter.