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Engineering Lignin-Based Tubular Hydrogel Scaffolds for Load-Bearing Biomedical Applications.

Muhammad Muddasar1, Grace Joyce1, Mathilde Pouzier1

  • 1Stokes Laboratories, School of Engineering, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study engineered tubular lignin-based hydrogels for biomedical use. Organosolv lignin hydrogels showed optimal strength and flexibility, demonstrating potential for soft tissue repair applications.

Keywords:
ligninlignin‐based hydrogelssoft tissue engineeringsustainable biomaterialstubular biomaterials

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Polymer Science
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Developing mechanically robust, biocompatible, and biodegradable hydrogels is crucial for load-bearing soft tissue applications.
  • Lignin, a sustainable biopolymer, offers potential for creating advanced hydrogel scaffolds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer and evaluate tubular lignin-derived hydrogels for biomedical applications.
  • To compare physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties of Kraft and organosolv lignin hydrogels.
  • To assess the performance of reinforced tubular hydrogel constructs.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic comparison of Kraft and organosolv lignin at varying crosslinker concentrations.
  • Characterization of pore morphology, swelling behavior, and mechanical performance.
  • Fabrication of tubular constructs with and without polypropylene mesh reinforcement.

Main Results:

  • Organosolv lignin formulations (5% crosslinker) achieved optimal strength (83.14 kPa), flexibility (176% elongation), and hydration (261% swelling).
  • Reinforced tubular constructs showed enhanced mechanical strength and sustained performance over 100 fatigue cycles.
  • Lignin hydrogels demonstrated good cytocompatibility with fibroblast cultures (85.5-86.5% viability after 96h).

Conclusions:

  • Lignin-based hydrogel scaffolds offer a sustainable and tunable platform for biomedical applications.
  • These hydrogels show promise for soft, mechanically resilient, tubular structures in tendon repair, vascular conduits, and nerve regeneration.