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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Exercise as a Therapy for Successful Aging.

Ignacio Ara1,2,3, Maria Carmen Gómez-Cabrera2,4,5, Nuria Garatachea6,7,8,9,10

  • 1GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
|September 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Regular physical activity is key for healthy aging, preventing frailty and disability. Personalized exercise programs, including multicomponent interventions, are vital for older adults

Keywords:
frailtylongevityolder peoplepersonalized exercisesarcopeniawell‐being

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Exercise Science
  • Aging Biology and Health
  • Public Health and Geriatrics

Background:

  • Aging is associated with significant biological and functional decline, increasing frailty and disability risk.
  • Physical activity is a cornerstone intervention for mitigating age-related decline across multiple physiological systems.
  • Understanding the impact of exercise on the hallmarks of aging is crucial for promoting healthy longevity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted benefits of regular physical activity for healthy and successful aging.
  • To highlight exercise's role in preventing and treating age-related frailty and disability.
  • To emphasize the importance of personalized and multicomponent exercise interventions for older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of exercise's impact on aging hallmarks and functional decline.
  • Analysis of evidence on tailored exercise programs for diverse older adult populations.
  • Examination of multicomponent exercise interventions (resistance and high-intensity interval training).

Main Results:

  • Exercise effectively attenuates age-related decline in cardiorespiratory, vascular, nervous, and skeletal muscle systems.
  • Physical activity mitigates primary, antagonistic, and integrative hallmarks of aging.
  • Multicomponent exercise interventions show significant improvements in health outcomes for older adults.

Conclusions:

  • Personalized exercise programs are essential for optimizing health benefits in older adults.
  • Addressing barriers to exercise participation requires a multi-faceted approach involving individuals, communities, and governments.
  • Policy and environmental support are critical for enabling widespread engagement in physical activity among seniors.