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Neurulation

Neurulation

Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...

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Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

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[PREVALENCE OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA IN SPINA BIFIDA PATIENTS].

Hila Noyman¹, Emmanuel Kornitzer², Shachar Aharoni³

¹Hadassah Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics.

|September 11, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Men with spina bifida (myelomeningocele) do not typically develop benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) due to smaller prostate volumes. This suggests the nervous system plays a key role in BPH development.

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Area of Science:

Urology
Neurology
Endocrinology

Background:

Men with spina bifida (myelomeningocele) are living longer, necessitating an understanding of age-related conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Previous research suggests that nervous system integrity influences prostatic growth, potentially impacting BPH development.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the prevalence of BPH in aging individuals with spina bifida.
To determine if spina bifida patients experience age-related increases in prostate volume (PV).

Main Methods:

A multi-center study involving 24 spina bifida patients over 35 years old.
Prostate volume (PV) was measured using imaging or ultrasound and compared to age-adjusted averages in healthy men.
Clinical variables were collected and analyzed for correlations with PV.

Main Results:

Spina bifida patients exhibited an average PV 18% smaller than expected for their age (P<0.005).
No significant correlation was found between the level of spinal cord injury and PV.
Limited sample size precluded significant correlations between PV and other clinical variables.

Conclusions:

Individuals with spina bifida generally have smaller prostate volumes and do not commonly develop BPH.
Findings support the role of the nervous system in BPH pathogenesis.
This research may inform non-hormonal therapeutic strategies for BPH.