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Cutaneous manifestations associated with unknown HIV infection: a case report
Paolo Iacovelli1, Flavia Pigliacelli1, Maria Mariano1
1Clinical Dermatology Unit, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Rome.
Dermatology Reports
|September 11, 2025
Summary
Skin conditions are common in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In advanced HIV infection, skin issues can signal the disease, aiding diagnosis in undiagnosed cases.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Cutaneous manifestations are frequent in individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- Immune system impairment in advanced HIV infection heightens susceptibility to skin infections.
- Skin findings can sometimes be pivotal in diagnosing HIV infection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the diagnostic role of cutaneous manifestations in advanced, undiagnosed HIV infection.
- To underscore the importance of dermatological assessment in patients presenting with unusual skin conditions.
Main Methods:
- Case report presentation.
- Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic pathway.
Main Results:
- The patient, with an unknown advanced HIV infection, received a diagnosis solely based on characteristic skin manifestations.
- The case illustrates how specific dermatological findings can lead to the early identification of HIV.
Conclusions:
- Cutaneous manifestations are crucial indicators in diagnosing advanced HIV infection, particularly when the infection status is unknown.
- Dermatologists play a vital role in identifying HIV through skin examination.
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