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Test-Retest Reliability and Variability Over Time for Repeated Audiometric Assessment in Individuals With Down

Heather L Porter¹, Emily LaSpada², Emily Buss³

¹Center for Hearing Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE.

American Journal of Audiology

|September 11, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Hearing assessments in individuals with Down syndrome show low variability within sessions, similar to neurotypical individuals. Differences over 10 dB in repeated audiograms likely indicate true hearing changes.

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Area of Science:

Audiology
Down Syndrome Research
Hearing Health

Background:

Individuals with Down syndrome have high rates of hearing loss.
Regular hearing assessments are crucial for monitoring hearing health.
Variability in threshold estimates can obscure true changes in hearing sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the variability of pure-tone thresholds within and across test sessions for individuals with Down syndrome.
To determine if repeated auditory assessments can reliably track hearing changes in this population.

Main Methods:

Pure-tone thresholds were measured in 27 individuals with Down syndrome (ages 5.1-46.5) and 11 neurotypical individuals.
Audiograms were conducted within a single session and repeated after approximately 5.8 months and 3.4 years.
Thresholds were assessed at 1, 4, 8, and 11.2 kHz in quiet.

Main Results:

Intrasession variability was ≤ 10 dB for 94.3%-100% of thresholds in individuals with Down syndrome.
Similar intrasession variability was observed in neurotypical participants.
Threshold differences were ≤ 10 dB for 63.2%-85% of responses at 5.8 months and 37.5%-62.5% at 3.4 years.

Conclusions:

Intrasession variability in individuals with Down syndrome meets clinical standards (≤ 10 dB).
Repeated audiometric threshold differences exceeding 10 dB likely represent genuine changes in hearing sensitivity.
These findings support the reliability of serial audiometric testing for monitoring hearing in individuals with Down syndrome.