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Biomechanical Performance of Implant-Tooth-Supported Prostheses: A Numerical 3D Finite Element Analysis.
Hatem S Sadek1, Noha M Anany2, Mohamed I El-Anwar3
1Oral Technology, Dental School, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
International Dental Journal
|September 11, 2025
Summary
Hybrid implant-tooth prostheses offer a viable alternative to implant-implant designs, but careful case selection is crucial. Finite element analysis (FEA) revealed differences in stress distribution and deformation based on material and configuration.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Implantology
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Implant-supported prostheses are crucial for restoring function in edentulous mandibles.
- Hybrid prostheses (implant-tooth supported) offer an alternative to traditional implant-implant designs, potentially reducing cantilever extensions.
- Understanding the biomechanical behavior of different prosthetic materials and configurations is essential for long-term success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the biomechanical performance of implant-tooth-supported (hybrid) prostheses against implant-implant-supported prostheses.
- To evaluate the influence of two prosthetic materials (zirconia and PEKK) on stress distribution and deformation.
- To utilize finite element analysis (FEA) for detailed biomechanical assessment.
Main Methods:
- Three-dimensional finite element models were created from CBCT scans of an edentulous mandible.
- Models included two hybrid configurations (distal and mesial implant support) and one implant-implant supported configuration.
- Isotropic/elastic material properties were assumed for zirconia and PEKK; models were subjected to a 100 N vertical load, analyzing von Mises stress and total deformation.
Main Results:
- The implant-implant supported prosthesis (M3) showed the most favorable biomechanical profile with lowest stress and highest deformation.
- Hybrid prostheses exhibited stress concentrations at pontic-tooth connector regions.
- Zirconia prostheses induced higher bone stress (≤35 MPa) compared to PEKK, while PEKK showed greater deformation (70 µm).
Conclusions:
- Hybrid implant-tooth-supported prostheses can be a reliable alternative, potentially eliminating cantilever extensions.
- Careful patient selection is necessary to avoid biomechanical incompatibilities with hybrid designs.
- Prosthetic material choice significantly influences stress distribution and deformation in implant-supported prostheses.
