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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology01:28

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Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is characterized by the development of ulcers in the stomach or duodenal mucosa. Its pathophysiology is complex, involving a balance between damaging and protective elements.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 18, 2026

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
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Pathogenesis of plaque erosion.

Dario F Riascos-Bernal1, Gabriel Quinones1, Shadi A Abdelaal1

  • 1Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Developmental & Molecular Biology, the Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
|September 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Plaque erosion, a key cause of acute coronary syndromes, involves thrombi on intact fibrous caps. Understanding its unique biology is crucial for developing targeted therapies for this condition.

Keywords:
Acute coronary syndromeAcute myocardial infarctionAtherosclerosisCoronary artery diseaseCoronary thrombosisEndothelial cellPlaque destabilizationPlaque erosionPlaque instabilityPlaque rupture

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A Method to Study the Correlation Between Local Collagen Structure and Mechanical Properties of Atherosclerotic Plaque Fibrous Tissue
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pathology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Plaque erosion is the second leading cause of acute coronary syndromes (ACS).
  • It is characterized by luminal thrombi on an intact fibrous cap, lacking endothelial cells but rich in smooth muscle cells and proteoglycans.
  • Its incidence decreases with age and is not definitively higher in women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the largely unknown pathogenesis of plaque erosion.
  • To differentiate the biological mechanisms of plaque erosion from plaque rupture.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for ACS related to plaque erosion.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on plaque erosion and acute coronary syndromes.
  • Analysis of potential etiologic factors including disturbed flow, immune system involvement, and molecular signaling pathways.
  • Comparison of biological mechanisms underlying plaque erosion versus plaque rupture.

Main Results:

  • Plaque erosion pathogenesis involves factors like altered endothelial shear stress, immune signaling (e.g., Toll-like receptor 2), NRF2 activation, and matrix metalloproteinases.
  • Evidence suggests distinct molecular pathways differentiate plaque erosion from plaque rupture.
  • Specific thrombotic mechanisms contribute to plaque erosion.

Conclusions:

  • Plaque erosion represents a distinct pathological process from plaque rupture.
  • Further understanding of plaque erosion's molecular basis is essential for developing novel biomarkers and treatments for ACS.
  • Targeting plaque erosion mechanisms could enable personalized therapeutic strategies for patients with intact fibrous caps.