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Transcriptome analysis of substrate temperature effects on adventitious root formation in peach rootstocks
Fan Zhang1, Hong Wang1, Chenbing Wang1
1Institute of Forestry, Fruits and Floriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
Peerj
|September 12, 2025
Summary
Optimal substrate temperature for peach rootstock propagation is 25°C, significantly enhancing adventitious root (AR) formation. This study reveals key gene expression patterns and molecular mechanisms, including auxin signaling and photosynthesis, crucial for successful asexual reproduction.
Area of Science:
- Plant Science and Biotechnology
- Molecular Biology
- Horticulture
Background:
- Adventitious root (AR) formation is critical for asexual propagation of peach rootstocks.
- Substrate temperature is a key environmental factor influencing AR development.
- Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying AR formation is essential for optimizing propagation techniques.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of substrate temperature on gene expression during adventitious root formation in GF677 peach rootstock cuttings.
- To identify key genes, pathways, and transcription factors involved in temperature-mediated AR development.
- To determine the optimal substrate temperature for peach rootstock propagation.
Main Methods:
- GF677 rootstock cuttings were treated with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and exposed to various substrate temperatures (ambient, 19°C, 22°C, 25°C, 28°C) for different durations (7, 14, 21 days).
- RNA sequencing was employed to analyze differential gene expression.
- Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) were utilized.
Main Results:
- The highest rooting rate (91%) was achieved at 25°C substrate temperature.
- Differential gene expression analysis revealed significant changes, with the highest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) observed between 22°C and 25°C.
- Key enriched pathways included starch and sucrose metabolism, photosynthesis, and plant hormone signal transduction (auxin). Specific genes (ARFs, LBDs, SAURs, GH3) and transcription factors (WRKYs, ERFs, NACs) were identified as crucial for AR formation.
Conclusions:
- A substrate temperature of 25°C is optimal for adventitious root formation in GF677 peach rootstocks.
- Gene expression patterns, particularly those related to auxin signaling and photosynthesis, are significantly influenced by substrate temperature and cutting duration.
- This study provides valuable insights into the molecular regulation of asexual reproduction in peach rootstocks, paving the way for improved propagation strategies.
