Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs
08:58

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs

Published on: October 31, 2025

558

Role of the gut‑lung axis in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Physiological basis, pathogenesis and immunological

Yue Zhu1, Rui-Dong Ding1

  • 1Department of Neonatal Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China.

Molecular Medicine Reports
|September 12, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The gut-lung axis, involving gut microbes and immune signals, impacts bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. Understanding this connection may reveal new treatments for this severe respiratory condition.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a severe respiratory condition in preterm infants with poor long-term outcomes.
  • The gut-lung axis, a communication pathway between gut microbiota and the lungs, is increasingly recognized for its role in disease.
  • Dysregulation of the gut microbiota is implicated in various pulmonary diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the influence of the gut-lung axis on the development and progression of BPD.
  • To explore the bidirectional communication mechanisms between the gut and lungs in BPD.
  • To identify potential immunoregulatory pathways involved in the gut-lung axis and BPD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies investigating the gut-lung axis in BPD.
  • Analysis of mechanisms including bacterial translocation, microbial metabolites, and immune cell migration.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on gut microenvironmental changes in BPD.

Main Results:

  • The gut-lung axis influences BPD progression through microbial metabolites, inflammatory cytokines, and immune cell trafficking.
  • Alterations in gut microbiota composition and function are associated with BPD severity.
  • Shared immune mechanisms mediate the communication between the gut and lungs in the context of BPD.

Conclusions:

  • The gut-lung axis plays a significant role in BPD pathogenesis.
  • Understanding gut-lung interactions may lead to novel biomarkers for early BPD detection.
  • Targeting the gut microbiota and related pathways presents a promising therapeutic strategy for BPD prevention and treatment.

Keywords:
bronchopulmonary dysplasiagut‑lung axisimmunological modulationintestinal microenvironment

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