[Use of laboratory testing in hospital settings : relevance and clinical implications]

Prescribing biological tests has become an essential part of clinical practice, supporting the diagnosis and monitoring of hospitalized patients. However, many tests are performed without a clear clinical indication, leading to patient discomfort, increased costs, iatrogenic effects, and unnecessary investigations. This situation stems from a lack of evidence-based guidelines, deeply ingrained habits, limited awareness of analytical limitations, and unease with uncertainty. Strategies for a more rational use do exist, including institutional protocols, prescription algorithms, and the adaptation of digital tools. Raising clinicians' awareness of the limitations of biological tests and contextualizing their interpretation in clinical terms remains essential to ensuring high-quality, efficient, patient-centered medicine.