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Developing Community Pharmacist Prescribing Models to Expand Access to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder
Journal of Addiction Medicine
|September 12, 2025
Summary
New models of care were developed for community pharmacies to support medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) initiation and maintenance. These models leverage pharmacist expertise to improve access to essential addiction treatment services.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Public Health
- Addiction Medicine
- Healthcare Delivery Systems
Background:
- The Mainstreaming Addiction Treatment Act removed barriers to prescribing medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD).
- Community pharmacists offer accessible points of care for medication management and patient support.
- Integrating MOUD services into community pharmacies can expand treatment accessibility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop models of care for pharmacist prescribing of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) within community pharmacy settings.
- To explore the feasibility and characteristics of implementing MOUD services in community pharmacies.
- To inform the integration of MOUD services into routine community pharmacy practice.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with community pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, treatment providers, and individuals with lived experience.
- Data analysis employed a rapid content analysis approach informed by implementation science models.
- Models of care were iteratively developed with input from an interdisciplinary advisory panel.
Main Results:
- Thirty-one interviews yielded 21 key themes related to intervention characteristics, recipients, implementation, and the external environment.
- Specific themes emerged regarding medication therapy, education, care coordination, and psychosocial support for MOUD.
- Two distinct models of care were developed: one for MOUD initiation and another for ongoing MOUD maintenance.
Conclusions:
- Models of care for initiating and maintaining medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) at community pharmacies have been successfully developed.
- These models aim to leverage community pharmacy infrastructure to improve MOUD access.
- Further research is warranted to assess the clinical effectiveness and implementation outcomes of these proposed pharmacy-based MOUD care models.
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