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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
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Interbrain Synchrony Mitigates Extremism Within Echo Chambers.

Aial Sobeh1, Tomer Marcos Vakrat1, Simone Shamay-Tsoory1,2

  • 1Social and Affective Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|September 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Discussions in like-minded groups can increase extremism. However, synchronized brain activity in executive control regions, specifically the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), can reduce this effect, mitigating echo chamber biases.

Keywords:
echo chambersextremismfNIRSgroupinterbrain synchronymorality

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology
  • Computational Social Science

Background:

  • Individuals often seek information aligning with existing beliefs, creating echo chambers.
  • These echo chambers can reinforce biases and potentially amplify extremism.
  • Understanding group dynamics and neural mechanisms is crucial for addressing polarization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if group homogeneity drives attitudinal extremity.
  • To examine if interbrain synchrony in executive control regions moderates the link between homogeneity and extremism.
  • To explore neural underpinnings of echo chamber effects.

Main Methods:

  • 188 participants were divided into homogeneous or heterogeneous groups of four.
  • A moral judgment task involved private ratings and group discussions.
  • Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measured brain activity, focusing on interbrain synchrony in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).

Main Results:

  • Discussions in homogeneous groups led to more extreme views compared to heterogeneous groups.
  • Higher interbrain synchrony in the DLPFC during discussions reduced the effect of homogeneity on extremism.
  • This suggests a neural mechanism for mitigating polarization within groups.

Conclusions:

  • Group homogeneity can foster attitudinal extremity.
  • Interbrain synchrony in the DLPFC acts as a moderator, diminishing the polarizing effect of homogeneous discussions.
  • Synchronized neural activity may offer a pathway to counteract harmful echo chamber dynamics.