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Glycogen synthase kinase-3 is essential for Treg development and function.

Matheswaran Kandasamy1, Hana F Andrew1, Iwan G Raza1

  • 1Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Cell Reports
|September 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) is essential for regulatory T cell (Treg) development and immune homeostasis. Its loss rewires Treg metabolism, enhances anti-tumor immunity, and suppresses tumor growth.

Keywords:
CP: ImmunologyTregsmetabolismtumors

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular Metabolism
  • Molecular Signaling

Background:

  • Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial for immune response regulation.
  • The specific cellular and metabolic pathways governing Treg development and homeostasis are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) in Treg development, homeostasis, and immune function.
  • To elucidate the metabolic and signaling pathways influenced by GSK3 in Tregs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genetic deletion models to study the impact of GSK3 loss in Tregs.
  • Analyzed Treg frequency, numbers, gene expression, and metabolic profiles.
  • Assessed anti-tumoral immune responses and tumor growth in the context of GSK3 deficiency.

Main Results:

  • GSK3 is essential for Treg development and preventing autoimmunity.
  • Loss of GSK3 induced metabolic rewiring in Tregs, including altered nucleotide metabolism and activated oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos).
  • Acute GSK3 deletion promoted an effector gene program, pro-inflammatory Treg signatures, enhanced anti-tumor immunity, and suppressed tumor growth.

Conclusions:

  • GSK3 plays a critical role in maintaining Treg homeostasis.
  • GSK3 signaling is a key regulator of Treg metabolism and function.
  • Targeting GSK3 in Tregs presents a potential strategy for enhancing anti-tumor immune responses.