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Multiresponsive shape memory photothermal elastomers based on unmodified and high-content lignin.

Ruige Qi1, Meng Zhang1, Yijiao Xue1

  • 1Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Nanjing, 210042, China.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|September 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a sustainable lignin-based polyurethane (LPU) elastomer for efficient photothermal conversion. The LPU material exhibits excellent mechanical properties and shape memory performance, offering promising applications in renewable energy and smart devices.

Keywords:
Photothermal elastomerShape memoryUnmodified lignin

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Sustainable Materials

Background:

  • Photothermal elastomers convert light to heat, crucial for sustainable smart materials.
  • Developing eco-friendly photothermal materials from natural resources aligns with carbon neutrality goals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize a high-content lignin-based polyurethane (LPU) photothermal elastomer using unmodified kraft lignin.
  • To evaluate the mechanical, photothermal, and shape memory properties of the synthesized LPU.

Main Methods:

  • A one-pot synthesis method was employed using unmodified membrane-filtered kraft lignin.
  • Characterization included mechanical testing (strength, toughness, Young's modulus) and photothermal/shape memory performance evaluation.

Main Results:

  • The LPU demonstrated high mechanical strength (25.6 MPa), toughness (51.8 MJ·m⁻³), and Young's modulus (692.0 MPa).
  • LPU exhibited dual-mode photothermal conversion (Xenon cold light and near-infrared) and excellent thermoresponsive/photoresponsive shape memory (99.9% recovery rate).

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized LPU offers a sustainable and green approach for creating high-performance photothermal materials.
  • LPU shows significant potential for applications in photothermal-electric generators, programmable shape memory devices, smart labels, and energy harvesters.