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Published on: June 23, 2023
Associations between chronic airflow limitation, respiratory symptoms, and quality of life across alcohol use
Line Bjerrehave Nielsen1, Max Olsson2, Ulla Møller Weinreich1
1Department of Respiratory Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Introduction:
Alcohol use has significant health implications, yet the association between alcohol use and respiratory symptoms remains relatively understudied. This study examines the prevalence of hazardous alcohol use and its associations with breathlessness, chronic cough, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and whether these associations with chronic airway limitation (CAL) differ by alcohol use.
Methods:
Cross-sectional study of the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) comprising 25,424 aged 50-64. Hazardous alcohol use was defined as an Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score ≥8. CAL was defined as a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio <0.7. Breathlessness (mMRC rating ≥2), chronic cough, and HRQoL, measured using the Short Form 12 (SF-12) were assessed through questionnaires. Associations were analysed using multivariable regression models adjusted for smoking, BMI, age, sex, comorbidities, and predicted FEV1/FVC %. In secondary analyses, associations between CAL and outcomes were examined stratified by alcohol use.
Results:
Hazardous alcohol use was present in 11 % of the analytic sample and in 15 % of those with CAL. Hazardous alcohol use was associated with increased odds of breathlessness (odds ratio [OR] 1.37; [95 % confidence interval] 1.09-1.70) and chronic cough (OR 1.46; 1.32-1.62), and with lower physical and mental HRQoL scores. CAL was more strongly associated with symptoms in participants with hazardous alcohol use than in lower-level users.
Conclusion:
Hazardous alcohol use was linked to increased breathlessness, chronic cough, and lower HRQoL. Associations between CAL and respiratory symptoms were stronger among individuals with hazardous alcohol use, suggesting a potential interaction.
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