Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 13, 2026
The Use of Mixed Reality in Custom-Made Revision Hip Arthroplasty: A First Case Report
Published on: August 4, 2022
Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Are Uniquely Suited to Hip Arthroscopy Education and Reveal Adequate Face,
Prushoth Vivekanantha1, Derek H Ochiai2, Satyavenkata Kotipalli3
1Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Purpose:
To (1) summarize the current literature regarding virtual reality (VR)/augmented reality (AR) as it pertains to efficacy in hip arthroscopy training, (2) compare the VR/AR performance of experienced and less experienced hip arthroscopists, and (3) assess the suitability of VR/AR for hip arthroscopy education by assessing various elements of validity.
Methods:
Three databases were searched on February 9, 2025, for studies investigating VR/AR simulation in hip arthroscopy training. Descriptive statistics were used to report participant details, simulation specifics, and validity (e.g., face, construct, and content).
Results:
Nine studies comprising 218 participants were included, 37 (16.9%) being considered experienced. Most studies (7 of 9, 77.8%) were analyses of 1 session, with 2 studies comparing progress during sessions over time. Five studies investigated face validity; the majority of participants (>70%) in each of these studies found that simulators were realistic in all elements apart from tactile feedback. Eight studies evaluated construct validity. Three of four studies (75%) found statistically lower amounts of iatrogenic tissue damage in the experienced group (P ≤ .002). Three of four studies (75%) found that the experienced group had shorter completion times (P ≤ .03) than the non-experienced group. One study reported lower iatrogenic damage (P < .0001) and completion times (P < .001) with repeated sessions in non-experienced learners.
Conclusions:
VR/AR simulation training for hip arthroscopy reveals good face, content, and construct validity. Generally, VR/AR simulations were rated by users as realistic in most elements apart from tactile feel. Participants, particularly junior learners, improved in minimizing iatrogenic tissue damage, decreasing completion time, and minimizing excess travel with the scope. More experienced hip arthroscopists generally outperformed non-experienced participants in the majority of performance metrics and scores.
Level Of Evidence:
Level IV, systematic review of Level I, II, and IV studies, plus Level V, expert opinion.
