Characterization of Antidepressant Consumption in a Portuguese Inland Population

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry
• Clinical Pharmacy
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Mental disorders, particularly depression, are a growing global health concern.
• Portugal has high antidepressant consumption, with a threefold increase from 2000-2020.
• Limited healthcare access in regions like Beira Interior complicates patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize the demographic and clinical profile of 142 patients undergoing antidepressant therapy in Beira Interior.
• To assess associations between antidepressant use and adverse effects in this population.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional survey collected data on demographics, diagnoses, medications, and adverse effects.
• Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were employed.

Main Results:

• The study population was predominantly female (81.0%) with a mean age of 57.8 years, most diagnosed with major depression (76.1%).
• Selective serotonin reuptuptake inhibitors and trazodone were most prescribed; polypharmacy with benzodiazepines and antipsychotics was common.
• Anticholinergic symptoms and confusion/agitation were frequent adverse effects, with increased risks noted for women and older patients using specific antidepressant classes and multiple medications.

Conclusions:

• Polypharmacy and adverse drug reactions pose significant risks in antidepressant therapy.
• Individualized prescribing, close monitoring, and adherence to guidelines are crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.
• Further longitudinal research is needed to establish causality and refine treatment strategies.