Parents' Perceptions of Pediatric Surgical Patients Regarding Animal-Assisted Therapy: A Qualitative Study

Background/Objectives: Pet therapy, also known as Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT), is increasingly recognized for its potential to support pediatric patients and their families in the hospital setting. This study explores the perceptions of parents of pediatric surgical patients regarding the use of pet therapy during hospitalization. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents of children admitted for surgery procedures. The interviews were transcribed, read thoroughly, and analyzed. Thematic analysis was employed to identify recurring themes related to the emotional, relational, and organizational aspects of pet therapy. Results: Twenty mothers were interviewed and five main themes emerged: (1) general perception of pet therapy (valuable tool to reduce children's anxiety and provide emotional support); (2) parental expectations about benefits for their children (positive interactions between children, parents and caregivers); (3) expected behavioral impact on the child (animals were viewed as mediators of relational bonding, especially in stressful moments); (4) emotional repercussions on caregivers (parental well-being improved when children appeared calmer during sessions); and (5) preferences regarding animals and organizational aspects (most parents preferred dogs for their empathic and communicative nature, while horses were appreciated but considered impractical in a hospital setting). In addition, the presence of structured AAT programs also positively influenced parents' perception of the quality of care. Nurses played a crucial role in supporting the implementation of AAT and family involvement, aligning with the Family-Centered Care model. Conclusions: This study found that parents view AAT as a valuable intervention that reduces anxiety and supports emotional well-being in hospitalized children. Nurses play a vital role in integrating AAT within Family-Centered Care to enhance the pediatric hospital experience.