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Photosystem I01:27

Photosystem I

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Although structurally similar to photosystem II (PSII), photosystem I (PSI) is has a different electron supplier and electron acceptor.
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Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Preparation and Use of Photocatalytically Active Segmented Ag|ZnO and Coaxial TiO2-Ag Nanowires Made by Templated Electrodeposition
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Boosting Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting via InPOx-Coated TiO2 Nanowire Photoanodes.

Ying-Chu Chen1, Heng-Yi Lin2, Yu-Kuei Hsu2

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City 10608, Taiwan.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Amorphous indium phosphate (InPOx) coating on titanium dioxide nanowires (TiO2 NWs) significantly boosts solar water-splitting efficiency. This novel InPOx/TiO2 NW photoanode shows a 928% photocurrent enhancement and improved stability.

Keywords:
Bandgap EngineeringCore–Shell HeterojunctionInPOxPhotoelectrochemical Water SplittingTiO2

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanowires (NWs) are promising photoanode materials for solar water splitting.
  • Enhancing charge separation and reducing interfacial resistance are key challenges for TiO2-based photoanodes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a hierarchical photoanode using amorphous indium phosphate (InPOx)-coated TiO2 NWs.
  • To investigate the effect of InPOx coating on the photoelectrochemical performance and stability of TiO2 NWs.

Main Methods:

  • Hierarchical InPOx/TiO2 NW photoanodes were fabricated via hydrothermal synthesis, dip-coating, and thermal phosphidation.
  • Structural and chemical characterization was performed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
  • Photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance was evaluated using photocurrent density measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Mott-Schottky analysis.

Main Results:

  • A uniform InPOx shell was successfully coated onto vertically aligned TiO2 NWs without altering their morphology.
  • The InPOx/TiO2 NW photoanode exhibited a 928% enhancement in photocurrent density compared to pristine TiO2.
  • Improved charge separation and injection efficiency (91%), reduced interfacial resistance, and a four-order increase in carrier density were observed.
  • The modified photoanode demonstrated superior stability under continuous illumination.

Conclusions:

  • Amorphous InPOx is an effective cocatalyst for enhancing the performance of TiO2-based photoanodes.
  • The InPOx/TiO2 NW structure offers a promising approach for efficient and durable solar-driven water-splitting applications.