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Naturally Occurring PCSK9 Inhibitors: An Updated Review.

Jungmoo Huh1, Hyunwoo Kim2

  • 1Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers reviewed 57 natural compounds that inhibit Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) from 2020-2025. These compounds offer potential alternatives for managing cholesterol and cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords:
LDLPCSK9cardiovascular diseasehypercholesterolemianatural products

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Natural Products Chemistry

Background:

  • Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) significantly influences low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels.
  • PCSK9 inhibitors are crucial therapeutic targets for hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular diseases.
  • Existing treatments like statins and ezetimibe have limitations, necessitating novel therapeutic agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize newly identified natural compounds with PCSK9 inhibitory effects.
  • To highlight compounds reported between 2020 and April 2025 as potential therapeutic candidates.
  • To categorize these natural inhibitors based on their structural classes and plant origins.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search for natural products inhibiting PCSK9.
  • Data compilation of compounds reported from 2020 to April 2025.
  • Classification of identified compounds based on chemical structures and botanical sources.

Main Results:

  • Identified 57 distinct natural compounds exhibiting PCSK9 inhibitory activity.
  • These compounds were isolated from 18 different plant species.
  • The identified compounds represent diverse structural classes, including isoprenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic derivatives.

Conclusions:

  • Natural products represent a rich source of novel PCSK9 inhibitors.
  • These compounds show promise as alternative therapeutic strategies for hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular conditions.
  • Further research into these natural compounds could lead to the development of new lipid-lowering drugs.