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This review guides engineers in selecting automotive polymer additives for enhanced performance, safety, and sustainability. It maps additive-polymer interactions, offering crucial data for compliant and effective material design.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Automotive Engineering

Background:

  • Functional additives are crucial for tailoring polymer properties in the automotive industry.
  • Meeting performance, safety, and sustainability criteria requires careful additive selection.
  • Existing literature lacks comprehensive, multi-criteria evaluations of additive-polymer systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide formulation engineers with a decision-support tool for selecting compatible and regulation-compliant additive systems.
  • To map additive-polymer interactions under automotive-specific stressors.
  • To consolidate multi-criteria evaluations of additive performance, limitations, and sustainability.

Main Methods:

  • Integrative mapping of additive-polymer interactions under real-world automotive conditions.
  • Synthesis tables with multi-criteria evaluations (performance, limitations, sustainability, regulatory risks).
  • Evidence strength assessment integrated into synthesis tables.

Main Results:

  • Optimal additive loadings are critical for balancing performance and mechanical integrity.
  • UV stabilizers (HALS, benzotriazoles) enhance service life; bio-based plasticizers (ESO, ATBC) reduce migration.
  • Flame retardants (phosphorus-based, zinc borate) achieve high ratings with low smoke.

Conclusions:

  • The review offers actionable guidelines for selecting automotive polymer additives.
  • It uniquely integrates performance, compatibility, regulatory compliance, and sustainability data.
  • The developed decision-support tool aids engineers in designing advanced polymer systems.