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Rheology Modifying Reagents for Clay-Rich Mineral Suspensions: A Review.

Williams Leiva1, Norman Toro2, Pedro Robles3

  • 1Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile.

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Clay minerals in mining increase suspension viscosity, impacting operations. This review examines rheology modifiers to improve clay suspension management for efficient and sustainable mining.

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Area of Science:

  • Mineral Processing
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Clay minerals negatively impact mining operations like grinding and flotation due to their complex rheological effects.
  • Physicochemical properties of clays (fine particle size, anisotropy, swelling) cause increased viscosity in mineral suspensions.
  • Effective management of clay-rich slurries is crucial for optimizing mining processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of various rheology-modifying reagents on clay suspensions (kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite).
  • To analyze the interaction mechanisms of reagents with clay particles, influencing dispersion and aggregation.
  • To identify future research directions for advanced rheological additive development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of rheology-modifying reagents including inorganic salts, pH modifiers, polymers, surfactants, and nanoparticles.
  • Analysis of reagent mechanisms on clay particle interactions (dispersion/aggregation).
  • Identification of research gaps and future opportunities in reagent formulation.

Main Results:

  • Various reagents (salts, polymers, surfactants, nanoparticles) demonstrate effects on clay suspension rheology.
  • Reagent interactions with clay particles alter suspension dispersion or aggregation states.
  • Understanding these interactions is key to controlling rheological properties.

Conclusions:

  • Rheology modifiers offer strategies for managing clay-rich suspensions in mining.
  • Future research should focus on hybrid reagents, modified biopolymers, and reagents for harsh conditions (high salinity, high temperature).
  • Optimizing rheological additives leads to more efficient and sustainable mining operations.