Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Aggregates Classification01:29

Aggregates Classification

970
Aggregate classification is generally based on its size, petrographic characteristics, weight, and source. Size classification ranges from coarse to fine aggregates, defined by the size of the particles. Coarse aggregates are particles that do not pass through ASTM sieve No. 4, and aggregates that pass through the sieve are fine aggregates.
Petrographic classification groups aggregates based on common mineralogical characteristics. Some of the common mineral groups found in aggregates are...
970
Sieve Analysis and Grading Curves01:19

Sieve Analysis and Grading Curves

924
Sieve analysis is a method used to determine the particle size distribution of aggregate materials. This process involves the following steps:
924
Fineness of Cement01:15

Fineness of Cement

464
The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination.
Direct...
464
Design Example: Aggregate Gradation01:24

Design Example: Aggregate Gradation

313
The right type and quality of aggregates are crucial for concrete as they significantly influence its properties, mix proportions, and cost-effectiveness. If different sources are available for sand, the commonly used fine aggregate in concrete, the selection of sand is primarily based on its gradation.
The grading, or particle-size distribution, of sand is determined using sieve analysis, with standard sizes ranging from 150 μm to 10 mm (ASTM No. 100 sieve to 3⁄8 in. sieve). Sand is...
313
Pozzolans01:21

Pozzolans

490
Pozzolans are siliceous or aluminous materials blended with Portland cement. They interact with the calcium hydroxide produced during the hydration of Portland cement and contribute to improved strength and durability of concrete. The pozzolanic activity, a measure of a pozzolan's effectiveness, is typically assessed using the strength activity index, as defined in ASTM C 618-93, which calculates the ratio of the compressive strength of cement mixtures with and without pozzolan.
Fly ash is...
490
Portland Cement01:21

Portland Cement

620
Portland cement is the essential binding ingredient in concrete, made from finely ground materials including lime, iron, silica, and alumina. Lime is derived primarily from limestone, marble, marl, seashells, and clays, which also supply iron and alumina, while silica is sourced from sand, chalk, and bauxite. Contemporary manufacturing of Portland cement is a significant source of carbon dioxide emissions, prompting research into reducing its content in concrete through alternative...
620

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Alkylsilane-extended hydrogen migration enhanced photothermal Sabatier reaction.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Comparative Analysis of Woody Biomass Fly Ash and Class F Fly Ash as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Mortar.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

The Effects of Curing Temperature on CH-Based Fly Ash Composites.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Cadmium induced oxalic acid secretion and its role in metal uptake and detoxification mechanisms in Phanerochaete chrysosporium.

Applied microbiology and biotechnology·2014
Same author

[AS-PCR assay for 20 mtDNA SNP typing and haplotype frequency].

Fa yi xue za zhi·2014
Same author

Identification of ANKK1 rs1800497 variant in schizophrenia: new data and meta-analysis.

American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics·2014

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 18, 2026

A Uniaxial Compression Experiment with CO2-Bearing Coal Using a Visualized and Constant-Volume Gas-Solid Coupling Test System
10:27

A Uniaxial Compression Experiment with CO2-Bearing Coal Using a Visualized and Constant-Volume Gas-Solid Coupling Test System

Published on: June 12, 2019

9.1K

A New Classification Method for High-Volume Fly Ash: Performance Based on Coal Source and Particle Size.

Xiangnan Ji1, Chen Zhang2, Yaru Yang3

  • 1Development Research Center for Natural Resources and Real Estate Assessment Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518000, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Optimizing fly ash particle size through flotation classification enhances cement system performance. Smaller particles promote better cement hydration and pozzolanic reactions, crucial for high-volume fly ash concrete.

Keywords:
XRDflotation classificationfly ashparticle sizepozzolanic reactionsthermal analysis

More Related Videos

Reducing Willow Wood Fuel Emission by Low Temperature Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization
09:46

Reducing Willow Wood Fuel Emission by Low Temperature Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization

Published on: May 19, 2019

8.5K
Combined Size and Density Fractionation of Soils for Investigations of Organo-Mineral Interactions
08:38

Combined Size and Density Fractionation of Soils for Investigations of Organo-Mineral Interactions

Published on: February 15, 2019

15.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 18, 2026

A Uniaxial Compression Experiment with CO2-Bearing Coal Using a Visualized and Constant-Volume Gas-Solid Coupling Test System
10:27

A Uniaxial Compression Experiment with CO2-Bearing Coal Using a Visualized and Constant-Volume Gas-Solid Coupling Test System

Published on: June 12, 2019

9.1K
Reducing Willow Wood Fuel Emission by Low Temperature Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization
09:46

Reducing Willow Wood Fuel Emission by Low Temperature Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization

Published on: May 19, 2019

8.5K
Combined Size and Density Fractionation of Soils for Investigations of Organo-Mineral Interactions
08:38

Combined Size and Density Fractionation of Soils for Investigations of Organo-Mineral Interactions

Published on: February 15, 2019

15.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Fly ash utilization in cement systems is key for sustainable construction.
  • Variations in fly ash properties, influenced by coal source and particle size, affect its performance.
  • Effective classification methods are needed to optimize fly ash for concrete applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of fly ash particle size on fly ash-cement systems.
  • To evaluate a novel flotation classification method for optimizing fly ash properties.
  • To understand the relationship between particle size, pozzolanic activity, and cement performance.

Main Methods:

  • Flotation classification for physical property analysis of fly ash.
  • Thermal analysis to determine calcium hydroxide content and its impact.
  • Selective dissolution and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis to assess reaction rates and hydration.
  • Testing of high-volume fly ash (50% replacement) concrete systems.

Main Results:

  • Flotation classification effectively optimizes fly ash properties, improving activity and flow.
  • Smaller fly ash particles demonstrate superior performance in cement systems, enhancing hydration and pozzolanic reactions.
  • High-volume fly ash replacement (50%) shows sustained pozzolanic reactions, particularly with finer ash fractions.
  • Reaction rates decrease significantly with increasing particle size, highlighting the importance of classification.

Conclusions:

  • Particle size is a critical factor influencing fly ash performance in cementitious materials.
  • The developed flotation classification method is effective in producing optimized fly ash fractions.
  • Utilizing classified, smaller fly ash particles is essential for maximizing the benefits of high-volume fly ash replacement in concrete.