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Opioid Detection Using Smartphone-Based Eye-Scanning.

Kiki W K Kuijpers1, Karl Andersson2,3, Albert Dahan4,5,6

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

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Mobile phone-based self-administered eye scanning (MPSES) effectively detects opioid use by monitoring pupil constriction. This technology shows promise for real-world opioid monitoring, achieving high accuracy in clinical trials.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmacology
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Opioid consumption is associated with characteristic physiological changes, including pupil constriction.
  • Existing methods for monitoring opioid use may lack real-world applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of mobile phone-based self-administered eye scanning (MPSES) for detecting opioid use.
  • To assess MPSES performance under varying light conditions and in both laboratory and home settings.

Main Methods:

  • A clinical trial involving 12 volunteers measured pupil size using MPSES.
  • Pupil size was monitored in laboratory settings (pre- and post-oxycodone administration) and at home over one week.
  • Logistic regression models analyzed pupil size and ambient light conditions (50-500 lux) to predict opioid use.
Keywords:
detectioneye-scanningmiosisopioidoxycodonepupil-size

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Main Results:

  • MPSES demonstrated high classification accuracy for detecting opioid use (AUC = 0.94).
  • The system achieved 82% true positives and 91% true negatives.
  • Misclassifications were primarily linked to interindividual differences, such as corneal arcus.

Conclusions:

  • MPSES is a viable tool for detecting opioid use, particularly within a 50-500 lux light range.
  • The study supports the potential of MPSES for remote and real-world monitoring of opioid consumption.