Biotic and Abiotic Factors Influencing Maize Plant Height

This paper examines various aspects of maize plant height. Firstly, it emphasizes that maize is a significant food and forage crop with considerable research significance, and that its plant height is influenced by multiple factors, including biotic elements such as genes and plant hormones, as well as abiotic factors such as soil, water, and climate. Secondly, the paper explores the complex relationship between maize plant height and yield, noting that moderate plant height can improve photosynthetic efficiency, reduce lodging risk, and enhance yield, although it may also affect kernel quality. Additionally, the paper reviews the application of modern biotechnological methods in maize plant height research, such as genome-wide linkage analysis, gene editing, transgenic technology, and epigenetic studies, which aid in elucidating the genetic mechanisms underlying plant height. Finally, it outlines future research directions for improving maize plant height and yield, highlighting key challenges that require urgent attention, such as the advancement of gene editing techniques, the integration of multiple biotechnologies, and strategies to address climate change, with the ultimate goal of achieving precision breeding for high-yielding, stress-resistant, and broadly adaptable maize varieties.