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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Combined In vivo Optical and µCT Imaging to Monitor Infection, Inflammation, and Bone Anatomy in an Orthopaedic Implant Infection in Mice

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Published on: October 16, 2014

Raman Monitoring of Staphylococcus aureus Osteomyelitis: Microbial Pathogenesis and Bone Immune Response.

Shun Fujii¹, Naoyuki Horie¹, Saki Ikegami^2,3

¹Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, 465 Kajii-cho, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|September 13, 2025

Summary

This study introduces Raman spectroscopy to monitor Staphylococcus aureus bone infections in rats. The technique tracks bacterial spread and host immune response in situ, offering new insights into osteomyelitis.

Keywords:

Raman spectroscopy Staphylococcus aureus Wistar rat model of osteomyelitis bone infection host immunological response

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A Mouse Model to Assess Innate Immune Response to Staphylococcus aureus Infection

A Mouse Model to Assess Innate Immune Response to Staphylococcus aureus Infection

Published on: February 28, 2019

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Microbiology
Spectroscopy

Background:

Osteomyelitis, a severe bone infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus, poses a significant patient burden.
Current mouse models offer insights but lack cellular-level in situ monitoring of bone infection and immune response.
Direct in situ visualization of bacterial pathogenesis and host reactions at the cellular level in bone is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate an in situ Raman spectroscopy method for analyzing Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis in a rat tibia model.
To investigate bacterial localization, spread, and host immune response within infected bone tissue.
To establish Raman spectroscopy as a tool for quantitative assessment of infection and inflammation.

Main Methods:

A pyogenic osteomyelitis model was established in Wistar rats, with infections analyzed using spectrally resolved Raman spectroscopy.
Label-free in situ Raman spectroscopy was employed to detect Staphylococcus aureus via staphyloxanthin carotenoid signals.
Cytochrome c signals from bone cells were analyzed to assess host inflammatory response.

Main Results:

Raman spectroscopy successfully identified Staphylococcus aureus in situ using unique carotenoid signals, even at low concentrations.
Bacteria spread throughout the tibia, irrespective of the initial inoculation dose.
Raman signals from cytochrome c quantified the host's inflammatory and metabolic response to infection.

Conclusions:

A novel Raman spectroscopic approach enables in situ detection and characterization of bone infections.
This method allows for quantitative assessment of bacterial load and host immune response in osteomyelitis.
The technique provides a powerful tool for studying bacterial adaptation and host tissue reactions in bone infections.